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ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS:
Please use the article I included to answer these questions, please paraphrase no quotation marks.
Please make the paper about 700 words long.
a) What caused these two paths of food production?
b) What were the social, technological, scientific and cultural results of the first path, which was based on agriculture?
c) What kind of technologies developed during the Neolithic Revolution?
HOW TO WORK ON THIS ASSIGNMENT (EXAMPLE ESSAY / DRAFT)
The Neolithic Revolution, also known as the Agricultural Revolution, was a significant turning point in human history, marking the beginning of two distinct paths of food production. This period saw the development of agriculture, which allowed humans to produce their own food instead of relying on hunting and gathering. The two paths of food production arose due to different environmental and social factors.
The first path, based on agriculture, arose in areas with favorable climatic conditions for the cultivation of crops. This path was mainly practiced in the Fertile Crescent, which encompasses modern-day Egypt, Iraq, and Iran. The Fertile Crescent had a warm and moist climate, which was suitable for growing crops such as wheat and barley. The abundance of crops led to a surplus of food, which allowed for the development of permanent settlements and the growth of populations.
The second path, based on hunting and gathering, continued to be practiced in areas where agriculture was not feasible. This path was mainly practiced in areas such as the Arctic, the Amazon rainforest, and the Kalahari Desert. These areas were not suitable for agriculture due to factors such as extreme climate and lack of arable land. The communities in these areas continued to rely on hunting and gathering for their sustenance.
The first path of food production, based on agriculture, brought about significant changes in human society. The surplus of food led to the growth of permanent settlements, which led to the development of complex social structures. The development of agriculture allowed humans to produce more food than they needed for their survival, which led to the emergence of social classes. Some people were able to specialize in other areas such as metalworking, which led to the development of new technologies.
The development of agriculture also led to the development of new technologies. Farmers developed tools such as the plow and the sickle, which made farming more efficient. The plow, in particular, allowed farmers to till the land more efficiently, leading to higher crop yields. The use of irrigation systems also allowed farmers to grow crops in areas that were previously unsuitable for agriculture.
The development of agriculture also led to the emergence of scientific knowledge. Farmers began to observe and understand the natural cycles of plants and animals. This led to the development of calendars, which helped farmers to predict the best time to plant and harvest crops. The study of astronomy also emerged during this period, as people tried to understand the movement of the stars and the seasons.
Culturally, the development of agriculture led to the emergence of new beliefs and practices. The surplus of food allowed people to engage in activities such as art, music, and dance. The development of permanent settlements led to the emergence of new religions and belief systems. The domestication of animals also had cultural significance, as animals such as cattle and sheep became symbols of wealth and status.
During the Neolithic Revolution, various technologies were developed to aid in food production. The plow, as mentioned earlier, was one of the most significant inventions. The plow allowed farmers to till the land more efficiently, leading to higher crop yields. The sickle, a tool used to harvest crops, was also developed during this period. The use of irrigation systems allowed farmers to grow crops in areas that were previously unsuitable for agriculture. The use of draft animals, such as oxen, also helped in plowing and tilling the land.
In conclusion, the Neolithic Revolution marked the beginning of two distinct paths of food production. The first path, based on agriculture, brought about significant changes in human society, leading to the development of new technologies, scientific knowledge, and cultural practices. The development of agriculture allowed humans to produce more food than they needed for their survival, which led to the emergence of social classes and the growth of permanent settlements.
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